Improvement in looms



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LOOMS.

Patented Nov. 21,1876.

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THEGRAFH [C 00.N.Y

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

JOSEPH F. WIOKS, OF WOROESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO GEORGEGROMPTON, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN Looms.

,Specification forming'part of LettersPatent No. 184,681, dated November21, 1876-; applicationfiled- March28, 1876.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH F. WIoKs, of Worcester, in the county ofWorcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement inLooms, of which the following is-a specification:

This invention relates to fancy looms; and has for its object to operatethe shed-forming devices and the pattern-surface thereof, through ahand-crank, whenever it is desired to pick out a mispick, or to find atrue shed.

In other looms it is customary to employ one or more clutches betweenthe crank-shaft and the shaft or devices for moving the sheddingmechanism and pattern-surface, which, when disengaged, permit theattendant to-reverse or move the. shedding devices and-pattern-cylinderindependently of the lay. In this my invention the clutch between thecrank and shedding shafts is omitted, its cost is saved, and theattendant is not obliged to throw the, crank and shedding shafts out ofand into engagement, and these shafts are, therefore, always in properrelation to the pattern, whereas in looms where the clutch is used itsometimes happens that the clutch will not engage at exactly the propertime, and the result is an extra movement of the patternsurface, whichconsequently makes a mispick, and this is especially the case in loomsin which the pattern-surface is moved by a pawl controlled by theoperator when the movement of the pattern-surface is to be reversed-L Informing sheds for taking out mispicks on looms turned independently ofthe crank-shaft, it often happens that the crank-shaft stops in suchposition that the lay is not thrown completely back from thebreast-beam, and then the lay and crank-shaft have to be turned back byhand, to bring the lay in its extreme backward position, for then onlyare the warps openedto their greatest extent and drawn taut, giving theattendant complete access to the weft.

This invention consists in devices, as hereinafter described, wherebythe shedding mechanism and its pattern may bereversed or moved by ahand-shaft without disconnecting these devices from the crank-shaft; andin carrying out this invention, to obviate movturn the short shaft firstin one and then in the other direction only far enough to open the shedto its full extent,and at the same time the crank-shaft is turnedsubstantially half a rotation, but not a whole rotation, and then backagain, moving the lay from its extreme forward to its extreme backwardposition, fully opening and separating the threads.

Figure 1 represents a front view of portions of a fancy 100msubstantially as shownin UnitedStates Patent No. 77,361, but with myimprovements added; Fig. 2, a detail of shedding-shaft and shaft to moveit; Fig. 3, a detail of devices for moving pattern-surface; and Figs. 4,5, and 6, other details, to be hereafter referred to. p o

The upright levers, notched jacks, lifter, depresser and evener,pattern-surface, crankshaft, and short horizontal shaft at the loom sideare substantially as represented in the eration, when the loom isweaving regularly.

In this my improvement I denominate the shaft. to the shedding-shaft,and a pinion, b, thereonengages a pinion, 0, on the crank-shaft d, andon shaft a isalso a crank,e, and toothed wheel f. The crank isconnected, by link g, with an arm of a rock-shaft, h, having at itsother end an arm, *5, on which is pivoted a double and weighted pawl, j,adapted to engage either of two reverse ratchets, k or I, placed side byside on the shaft m of the pattern-surface or cylinder of ordinaryconstruction, and adapted to lift the jacks to be engaged. by the lifteror depresser, and this pattern-surface will be moved in one or the otherdirection according to which end of the pawl is in engagement with aratchet. When the heavy end 1 of the pawl is engaged with ratchet k, asin full lines, Fig. 1, the pattern is moved regularly forward; but whenthe pawl is turned to position in dotted lines, then the end 2 engagesratchet l and reverses the pattern-cylinder. This cylinder is moved fromshaft a, and on such shaft is the pinion or toothed wheel j, which isalso provided with a crank and link, a, adapted to move the lifter anddepressor, all as usual.

gaged by a pinion, 0, on a hand-shaft, p, at

ing the picking and shuttle-box mechanism, I

above-cited patent, as to'construction and op-v The teeth of this wheelf are ena the loom side, this shaft being provided, preferably, with acrank-handle, q, having a bolt, r, or equivalent locking device, toengage the handle with the end of the shaft, or to leave the shaft freeto turn in the handle, as the loom is operated as usual in weaving,forthen the hand-shaft'moves in unison with the crankshaft. Theconnection, in this instance, is made by means of a hub, 8, providedwith notches t, to receive the end of the bolt.

Whenit is necessary to remove a mispick or find a true shed, the handleq is made fast on the shaft 12, and the pawl j is turned to throw thehook 2 in engagement, with the ratchet l, the weighted end 1 keeping thepawl engaged, and the shaft 19 is moved to turn the shedding-shaft, andconnected shedding and pattern-surface and crank-shaft, in the oppositedirection far enough to form a shed, the cylinder is turned back onestep, and the crank-shaft is thrown so as to bring the lay entirelyback; then a weft may be picked out; and the hand-shaft is then turnedin the opposite direction far enough to again form a newshed and movethe pattern-cylinder another step backward, and in this way, it will benoticed, the picking mechanism is not operated, and the connectionalways maintained with the crank-shaft enables the lay to be broughteach time to its extreme backward position. i

It is evident that the invention may be applied to other well-knownforms of Orompton looms-as,for instance, those shown in United StatesPatents Nos. 140,894 and 94,571; but

' insuch cases I will provide the crank-shaft with hevel-pinions u, andon the end of handshaft 10 I will place a suitable bevel-pinion toengage it and turn the crank-shaft.

I do not herein claim a hand-shaft and pinion to reverse a shaft orsleeve connected with and operating the shedding devices, and adapted tobe disengaged from the crankshaft through the action of a clutch.

This present invention is an improvement on an application filed intheUnited States Patent Office October 27, 1874, and in which I show tworeverse ratchet-wheels, and two separate reciprocating hooks for movingthem, and in such case employ a hand-shaft. I do not herein claim any ofthe devices shown in a said application.

I claim- 1. In a loom provided with jacks and lifter and depressor andevener and pattern cylinder, the combination of the shedding-shaftconnected directly with the crank-shaft, and adapted to move theshedding mechanism and pattern, with a double pawl, a pinion onthesurface and ratchets k l, in combination; with the double andweighted pawl j, adapted to engage ratchets kl of the pattern-surfaceand turn it in either direction, substantially as described. 1

3. The combination of the hand-shaftand shedding-shaft withthe handle,and mechanism to lock or unlock it from the shaft, whereby the handle,when unlocked, may remain at rest as the shaft is rotated by thecrank-shaft.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH F. WIUKS.

Witnesses:

J .B. SYME, J. A. WARE.

